Compliance Framework
Compliance Framework Document
Project: Bilko — Balkan Accounting SaaS Version: 1.0 Date: 2026-02-23 Author:
DPO /ComplianceOfficerArchitect Status: Draft Reviewers:CTO,DPO, LegalCounselCounsel,(RS, BA, HR)CEO Classification: Confidential
Document History
| Version | Date | Author | Changes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | 2026-02-23 | Initial draft — RS/BA/HR three-country compliance mapping |
1. ComplianceApplicable ScopeRegulations
BilkoCompliance isOwner: aCompliance cloudArchitect accounting([email protected])
SaaSLast operatingReview: in2026-02-23 three| jurisdictions.Next EachReview: has distinct data protection, accounting, tax, and e-invoicing requirements.2026-08-23
graph
TD
subgraph
RS["Regulation
Country
Phase
GDPR — Regulation (EU) 2016/679
HR
Phase 1
Zakon o zaštiti podataka o ličnosti (ZZPL, Sl. glasnik RS 87/2018)
RS
Phase 2
Zakon o zaštiti ličnih podataka BiH (ZZLP, Sl. glasnik BiH 49/2006)
BA
Phase 3
Zakon o računovodstvu (Sl. glasnik RS 73/2019)
RS
Phase 2
Zakon o računovodstvu i reviziji FBiH (Sl. novine FBiH 83/2009)
BA (FBiH)
Phase 3
Zakon o računovodstvu i reviziji RS BiH (Sl. glasnik RS BiH 96/2005)
BA (RS entity)
Phase 3
Zakon o računovodstvu HR (NN 78/15, 120/16, 116/18)
HR
Phase 2
Zakon o PDV RS (Sl. glasnik RS 84/2004 et al.)
RS
Phase 2
Zakon o PDV BiH (Sl. glasnik BiH 9/2005 et al.)
BA
Phase 3
Zakon o porezu na dodanu vrijednost HR (NN 73/13 et al.)
HR
Phase 2
Zakon o elektronskom dokumentu RS (Sl. glasnik RS 51/2009)
RS
Phase 2
Opći porezni zakon HR (NN 115/16 et al.)
HR
Phase 2
Pravilnik o kontnom okviru RS (2021)
RS
Phase 2
FBiH Pravilnik o kontnom okviru (2022)
BA (FBiH)
Phase 3
RRiF Kontni plan HR
HR
Phase 2
2. Serbia (RepublikaRS) Srbija)"]— RS_DP["ZZPLRegulatory Compliance
2.1 Data Protection — Zakon o zaštiti podataka o ličnosti\nSl. glasnik RS 87/2018ličnosti (GDPR-aligned)"]ZZPL)
RS_ACC["ZakonFull o računovodstvu\nSl. glasnik RS 73/2019"]
RS_VAT["Zakon o PDV\n20% / 10% / 0%"]
RS_SEF["SEF e-Invoice\nUBL 2.1 XML — B2B mandatory Jan 2023\nPenalty: 50K–2M RSD"]
RS_APR["APR Filing\nJune 30 deadline"]
end
subgraph BA["Bosnia & Herzegovina"]
BA_DP["ZZLP BiH —name: Zakon o zaštiti ličnih podataka\nSl. glasnik BiH 49/2006"]
BA_FBiH["FBiH: Zakonpodataka o računovodstvuličnosti
iCitation: reviziji FBiH\nSl. novine FBiH 83/2009 + Pravilnik 2022"]
BA_RSBA["RS entitet: Zakon o računovodstvu i reviziji RS BiH\nSl. glasnik RS BiH 96/2005"]
BA_VAT["Zakon o PDV BiH\n17% / 0% — UIO authority"]
BA_CPF["CPF e-Invoice\nPending ~2027"]
end
subgraph HR["Croatia (Hrvatska)"]
HR_DP["GDPR — directly applicable (EU member)\nUredba (EU) 2016/679"]
HR_ACC["Zakon o računovodstvu\nNN 78/15, 116/18, 42/20, 47/20, 114/22"]
HR_VAT["Zakon o porezu na dodanu vrijednost\n25% / 13% / 5% / 0%"]
HR_FISK["HR-FISK (eRačun B2G/B2B)\nFINA certificate — mandatory Jan 2026\nPenalty: up to EUR 500K"]
HR_FINA["FINA RGFI\nApril 30 deadline"]
end
2. Data Protection Compliance
2.1 Applicable Laws
| In force: November 21, 2018 Description: Serbia's GDPR-aligned personal data protection law. Supervisory authority: Poverenik za informacije od javnog značaja i zaštitu podataka o ličnosti | |||
2.2 Legal Basis for Processing
2.3 Data Subject Rights Implementation
| |||
Note on Erasure:Website: Financial data cannot be erased during mandatory retention periods (10 years RS, 10-11 years BA, 11 years HR). Account can be anonymized (name/email) but transaction records must be kept.https://www.poverenik.rs
2.4 Cross-Border Data Transfers
Host:Railway EU West (Amsterdam / Frankfurt) — within EEAHR → Railway:No transfer mechanism needed (EU to EU)RS → Railway:Serbia is on GDPR adequacy list (European Commission Decision 2023/1485)BA → Railway:No EU adequacy decision for BiH. Rely on Standard Contractual Clauses (SCC 2021/914) with Railway as processor.
2.5 DPA Requirements
Data Processing Agreements must be signed with:
Railway (primary database host)Cloudflare (WAF, CDN — processes IP addresses)Sentry (error tracking — processes stack traces with potential PII)Any email service provider
3. Accounting & Tax Compliance
3.1 Serbia (RS)
| Requirement | Bilko Implementation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
SEFBreach Integration:notification: [email protected] | Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 15, 11000 Belgrade
Portal: efaktura.mfin.gov.rsFormat: UBL2.
1 XML (HR-CIUS compatible subset)Authentication: API key per organizationMandatory fields: seller PIB, buyer PIB, invoice number, date, amounts, VAT breakdown
3.2 BosniaAccounting &Law Herzegovina— (BA)Zakon o računovodstvu
Full name: Zakon o računovodstvu Citation: Sl. glasnik RS br. 73/2019, 44/2021
| Requirement | Bilko Implementation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
2.3 VAT — Zakon o PDV
Citation: Sl. glasnik RS entitybr. laws84/2004 (consolidated)
| Rate | Description | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 20% (opšta stopa) | |||
EntityVAT detection:threshold: 8,000,000 RSD | Return: Monthly (>50M RSD) or Quarterly | Deadline: 15th of next month
2.4 E-Invoice — SEF (Sistem e-Faktura)
Platform: https://efaktura.gov.rs | Mandatory: B2B since January 2023
Format: UBL 2.1 XML | Penalties: 50,000–2,000,000 RSD for non-compliance
Integration: @bilko/country-rs package (Phase 2)
2.5 APR Filing
Serbian entities file annual financial reports with APR (Agencija za privredne registre). Deadline: June 30. Bilko mustgenerates determineAPR-compatible ifPDF/XML anexports.
3. inBosnia FBiH,& RSHerzegovina entity,(BA) or— BrčkoRegulatory DistrictCompliance
Complexity: applyBiH thehas correcttwo CoAentities (FBiH and retentionRepublika rules.Srpska). OnVAT orgunified creation,at userstate selectslevel via UIO. Direct taxes separate per entity. Brčko follows BiH state-level law.
3.31 CroatiaData Protection — Zakon o zaštiti ličnih podataka BiH (HR)ZZLP)
Full name: Zakon o zaštiti ličnih podataka Bosne i Hercegovine Citation: Sl. glasnik BiH br. 49/2006, 76/2011, 89/2011 Supervisory authority: AZLP — Agencija za zaštitu ličnih podataka Bosne i Hercegovine Website: https://www.azlp.ba
| Requirement | Bilko Implementation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Art. 4 | Contract + legal obligation | ||
| Security measures | Art. 14 | TLS 1.3, AES-256, bcrypt, RBAC | |
| Cross-border transfer | Art. 18 | Railway EU West — SCCs mechanism | |
| Breach notification to AZLP | Art. 14 + GDPR practice | 72 hours |
Breach notification: [email protected] | Hamdije Čemerlića 2/VI, 71000 Sarajevo
3.2 FBiH — Accounting Law
Full name: Zakon o računovodstvu i reviziji Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine Citation: Sl. novine FBiH br. 83/2009, 56/2023
| Requirement | Bilko Implementation |
|---|---|
| Double-entry bookkeeping | Schema enforced |
| Chart of accounts: FBiH Pravilnik (2022) | BiH CoA seed data |
| Filing: Agency of Financial Information (FBiH), deadline March 31 | PDF export |
| Document retention: 10 years | Immutable storage |
3.3 Republika Srpska (BA Entity)
Citation: Sl. glasnik RS BiH br. 96/2005, 74/2016 Filing: Tax Administration of RS (BiH entity), March 31 Retention: 11 years — maximum applied across BA entities
3.4 VAT — Zakon o PDV BiH
Citation: Sl. glasnik BiH br. 9/2005 (consolidated) Authority: UIO — Uprava za indirektno oporezivanje | https://www.uino.gov.ba
| Rate | Description |
|---|---|
| 17% (opća stopa) | Standard — all goods and services |
| 0% | Exports |
Threshold: 100,000 BAM | Return: Monthly | No reduced rates
3.5 E-Invoice — CPF (Central Platform for Fiscalisation)
Status: PENDING — technical specifications not published Law adopted: January 2026 (FBiH only) Expected: ~2027
Bilko decision: DO NOT implement CPF until specs published. BiH is Phase 3 launch.
3.6 Corporate Income Tax
| Entity | Rate | Deadline |
|---|---|---|
| FBiH | 10% | March 31 |
| RS (BiH entity) | 10% | March 31 |
4. Croatia (HR) — Regulatory Compliance
Note: Croatia is EU member state. GDPR applies directly.
4.1 Data Protection — GDPR
Applicable: GDPR Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (directly applicable)
National implementing act: Zakon o provedbi Opće uredbe (NN 78/42/2018)
Supervisory authority: AZOP — Agencija za zaštitu osobnih podataka | https://azop.hr
| Requirement | GDPR Article | Bilko Implementation |
|---|---|---|
| Lawful basis | Art. 6 | Contract (6.1.b) for service; legal obligation (6.1.c) for tax |
| Data minimization | Art. 5(1)(c) | OIB, name, email only |
| Right to access | Art. 15 | |
| Right to erasure | Art. 17 | DELETE /api/v1/account |
| Right to portability | Art. 20 | GET /api/v1/account/export |
| Security of processing | Art. 32 | TLS 1.3, AES-256, bcrypt, RBAC |
| Breach notification to AZOP | Art. 33 | Within 72 hours |
| DPA with processors | Art. 28 | Railway, Vercel, Cloudflare, SendGrid |
Breach notification: [email protected] | https://azop.hr/prijavapovrede | Selska cesta 136, 10000 Zagreb
4.2 Accounting Law — Zakon o računovodstvu HR
Citation: NN 78/15, 120/16, 116/18, 42/20
| Requirement | Bilko Implementation |
|---|---|
| Double-entry bookkeeping | Schema enforced |
| Chart of accounts: RRiF standard |
HR CoA |
| Accounting standards: CFRS (SMEs) or IFRS (PIEs) | CFRS-compliant reports |
| Bilanca + Račun dobiti i gubitka | Report generation Phase 2 |
| Filing: FINA RGFI (https://www.fina.hr), deadline April 30 | FINA-compatible export |
| Document retention: 11 years | Immutable storage |
4.3 General Tax Law — Opći porezni zakon HR
Citation: NN 115/16, 106/18, 121/19, 32/20 Document retention 11 years, electronic record acceptance, digital accounting system obligations.
4.4 VAT — Zakon o PDV HR
Citation: NN 73/13 et al. | Portal: ePorezna — https://www.porezna-uprava.hr
| Rate | Description |
|---|---|
| 25% (opća stopa) | Standard — general goods and services |
| 13% (srednja stopa) | Intermediate — foods, water, accommodation |
| 5% (snižena stopa) | Reduced — books, baby food, medicines |
| 0% | Exports, intra-EU supply |
Threshold: 60,000 EUR | Return: Monthly | Deadline: Last day of next month
4.5 E-Invoice — HR-FISK / eRačun
Platform: https://hr-fisk.fina.hr | Operator: FINA — Financijska agencija Mandatory since: January 1, 2026 (all B2B, B2G, B2C) Format: UBL 2.1 XML with HR-CIUS | Protocol: AS4 (Peppol-compatible) Certificate: FINA qualified certificate required Penalties: Up to EUR 500,000 for non-compliance Archive: 11 years
Integration: @bilko/country-hr — FINA certificate + API (Phase 2)
4.6 Corporate Income Tax — Croatia
- Standard rate: 18% | Reduced: 10% (revenue <1M EUR) | Deadline: April 30
5. Cross-Country Compliance Matrix
| Requirement | Serbia (RS) | Bosnia & Herzegovina (BA) | Croatia (HR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Data protection law | ZZPL (GDPR-aligned, 2018) | ZZLP BiH (2006) | GDPR (directly applicable) |
| Supervisory authority | Poverenik | AZLP | AZOP |
| Breach notification deadline | 72 hours (ZZPL Art. 56) | 72 hours (best practice) | 72 hours (GDPR Art. 33) |
| VAT standard rate | 20% | 17% | 25% |
| VAT reduced rate | 10% | None | 13% / 5% |
| E-invoice platform | SEF (mandatory Jan 2023) | CPF (pending ~2027) | HR-FISK (mandatory Jan 2026) |
| E-invoice format | UBL 2.1 XML | TBD | UBL 2.1 XML (HR-CIUS) |
| Annual report filing | APR — June 30 | Agency Fin. Info / Tax Admin — March 31 | FINA RGFI — April 30 |
| Chart of accounts | Pravilnik (2021) | FBiH Pravilnik (2022) | RRiF standard |
| Document retention | 10 years | 10 (FBiH) / 11 (RS entity) | 11 years |
| Currency | EUR |
||
HR-FISKBilko Priority:retention policy: Croatia'sApply eRačunmaximum mandateacross (Janall 2026)markets with— EUR11 500K penalty makes this the highest-priority e-invoicing integration. FINA certificate must be obtained during onboardingyears for HRall organizations.financial records. Never hard delete.
4.6. ControlsData RegisterClassification Scheme
| L1 | Public | Exchange rates, fee schedule, privacy policy | None |
| L2 | Internal | Aggregated analytics, non-PII logs | Access control |
| L3 | Confidential | Email, name, organization data, invoice amounts | Encryption + access control + audit |
| L4 | Restricted | PIB/JMBG/OIB/JIB (tax IDs), IBAN, TOTP secrets, password hashes | Encryption + RBAC + MFA + audit + 11-year retention |
Tax ID types by country:
- Serbia: PIB (9 digits), JMBG (13 digits)
- BiH: JIB (13 digits)
- Croatia: OIB (11 digits)
7. Data Subject Rights Implementation
| Right | Endpoint | SLA | Exception |
|---|---|---|---|
| Access (GDPR Art. 15 / ZZPL Art. 26) | GET /api/v1/account/data | 30 days | — |
| Rectification (Art. 16) | PATCH /api/v1/account/profile | Immediate | — |
| Erasure (Art. 17) | DELETE /api/v1/account | 30 days | Financial records retained per law |
| Portability (Art. 20) | GET /api/v1/account/export | 30 days | — |
| Restriction (Art. 18) | [email protected] | 30 days | Manual |
Erasure exception: Invoices, expenses, transactions retained 10-11 years (accounting law). Only PII (email, name, password hash) anonymized.
8. Third-Party Data Processors
| Processor | Service | Region | DPA Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Required |
||||
| Required | ||||
5.9. Compliance Roadmap
gantt
title Bilko Compliance Roadmap
dateFormat YYYY-MM
section Phase 1 — MVPPre-Launch (pre-launch)GDPR GDPR/ZZPLbaseline)
core
controls : 2026-03, 2026-05
DPAs signed : 2026-04, 2026-05- Privacy
Policypolicy (3published
languages) : 2026-04, 2026-05- Terms of Service
:published
2026-04,-
2026-05User DPIAconsent completedmechanism :at 2026-04,registration
2026-05-
sectionData deletion + anonymization workflow
- Data export endpoint
- DPAs signed: Railway, Vercel, Cloudflare, SendGrid
- Railway EU West region confirmed
- Breach notification process ready
Phase 2 — RSSerbia Launch + Croatia Launch
Serbia:
- Legal review (accounting law + ZZPL)
- Serbian CoA seed data (Pravilnik 2021)
- VAT at 20% / 10%
- SEF
e-invoiceXML export + API integration
- APR report export (Bilans stanja, Bilans uspeha)
Croatia:
- Legal review (Zakon o računovodstvu + GDPR)
- Croatian CoA seed data (RRiF)
- VAT at 25% / 13% / 5%
- FINA certificate for HR-FISK
- HR-FISK API integration
:(mandatory)
2026-06,-
2026-08FINA RSRGFI CoA + APRreport export
:
2026-06, 2026-07
RS VAT reporting : 2026-06, 2026-07
section Phase 3 — BABiH Launch
BA
entity-
detectionLegal review (FBiH vs+ RS)RS :entity 2026-09,distinction)
2026-10-
BABiH CoA templatesseed :data 2026-09,(FBiH 2026-10Pravilnik UIO2022)
- VAT
exportat :17% 2026-09,(UIO)
2026-10-
sectionMonitor CPF specs (~2027)
- FBiH vs RS entity org settings
10. Risk Assessment
Risk
Likelihood
Impact
Mitigation
GDPR/ZZPL breach fine
Low (if compliant)
High (GDPR €20M / ZZPL RSD 2M)
Full implementation before first customer
SEF non-compliance (RS)
Medium
High (RSD 2M)
Phase 42 —SEF HRintegration
Launch
HR-FISK +non-compliance FINA(HR)
certHigh flow(if :not 2026-10,integrated)
2026-12Critical HR CoA + (EUR amounts500K)
:Phase 2026-10,2 2026-11mandatory
Porezna
uprava
PDVFinancial exportdata :loss
2026-10,Low
2026-11Critical
FINA30-day RGFIRailway exportbackups, :immutable 2026-10,audit
2026-11
Tax calculation error
Low
High
Configurable rates, NUMERIC precision, Zod
BiH CPF delay
Medium
Low
Phase 3 planned, not blocking RS/HR
Related Documents
- Security Architecture: security-architecture.md
- DPIA: data-protection-impact-assessment.md
- Breach Response Plan: data-breach-response-plan.md
- Bilko Compliance: ../../products/Bilko/docs/security/COMPLIANCE.md
- Serbia Regulatory: ../../products/Bilko/docs/regulatory/RS/README.md
- BiH Regulatory: ../../products/Bilko/docs/regulatory/BA/README.md
- Croatia Regulatory: ../../products/Bilko/docs/regulatory/HR/README.md
Approval
Role
Name
SignatureDate
DateSignature
Author
DPO / Compliance Officer
Architect
2026-02-23
Reviewer (CTO)DPO
ReviewerLegal (RS Legal)Counsel
Reviewer (BA Legal)CEO
Reviewer (HR Legal)
Approver
CEO